Ukraine’s Long-Range Strikes Make Russia Turn Inward
Ukraine has used its long-range strike capacity to target Russia’s energy infrastructure with increased frequency, putting Russia’s fuel supply chain under greater pressure. The diverse targets and the spread of locations pose a challenge to Russian military decision-making about which targets remain a priority to defend with finite air-defence resources.
Reciprocal Economic Warfare in the Black Sea
Black Sea economic warfare continues, with Russia indicating an expansion of operations against Ukraine's economic sectors after a failed truce proposal. Ukraine’s strikes targeting Russian Black Sea terminals have reduced Russia’s oil exports, while Russia’s attacks against Ukraine’s ports and agriculture-linked vessels escalated significantly in July.