Indonesia’s Partnership Building: Free, Active and Untested.
Indonesia continues to manage its “free and active” foreign policy while building regional security partnerships. As these relationships deepen, their operationalisation may place additional pressure on Indonesia’s strategic autonomy.
Reciprocal Economic Warfare in the Black Sea
Black Sea economic warfare continues, with Russia indicating an expansion of operations against Ukraine's economic sectors after a failed truce proposal. Ukraine’s strikes targeting Russian Black Sea terminals have reduced Russia’s oil exports, while Russia’s attacks against Ukraine’s ports and agriculture-linked vessels escalated significantly in July.